In a major move to reshape its maritime power, Russian President Vladimir Putin has approved a comprehensive naval development strategy that extends through 2050. The plan, aimed at strengthening the Russian Navy’s global presence, was revealed by Nikolai Patrushev, the President’s aide and Chairman of the Maritime Board, in an interview with Arguments and Facts.
Strategy Built on Combat Experience
According to Patrushev, the newly approved strategy reflects operational insights gained during recent military operations. It thoroughly assesses the current state and capabilities of the Russian Navy and projects how these will evolve in response to modern military threats and global maritime developments.
Global Threats Demand a Modern Navy
“The creation of a powerful and modern navy is impossible without a deep understanding of the global maritime landscape, evolving military threats, and clearly defined national objectives,” said Patrushev, highlighting the critical foundation of the new strategy.
Focus on Peace and Wartime Readiness
The document, signed on May 30 by President Putin, outlines strategic goals for the Russian Navy during both peace and conflict. It includes a detailed analysis of international military-political trends, possible scenarios for armed conflict, and comparisons with the naval capabilities of major global powers.
A Long-Term Vision for Maritime Dominance
Calling it a “crucial long-term document,” Patrushev emphasized that the strategy addresses a vital question: What should Russia’s naval power look like to effectively protect its interests across the world’s oceans?
Russia’s Current Naval Standing
Public rankings indicate that Russia holds the position of the world’s third most powerful navy, behind the United States and China. However, the ongoing war with Ukraine has exposed several operational shortcomings in Russia’s naval forces, prompting a need for reform and modernization.
Massive Boost in Defense Spending
In response to growing global tensions and operational setbacks, Russia has significantly ramped up its defense spending. The current military budget, as a percentage of GDP, has now reached levels comparable to those during the Cold War era.
Size and Scope of the Russian Navy
Open-source intelligence estimates that Russia’s naval fleet includes 79 submarines—14 of which are nuclear-powered ballistic missile subs—and 222 warships. The Northern Fleet, based in Severomorsk on the Barents Sea, remains the core of Russia’s maritime force.
$100 Billion Investment for Future Fleet
Earlier, on April 11, Putin announced that Russia would allocate 8.4 trillion rubles (approximately $100.5 billion) over the next decade to modernize its naval forces. Speaking at a naval development meeting, he cited shifting global dynamics, emerging threats, and rapid technological advancements as key reasons for this overhaul.
Strategic Nuclear Forces at 100% Modernization
Putin proudly stated that 100% of Russia’s naval strategic nuclear forces are equipped with modern weapons and systems. “We must maintain this standard in the future,” he said, underscoring the navy’s crucial role in national defense and in securing Russia’s interests across international waters.
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